What is Titanium Dioxide ?
Titanium dioxide is the most important inorganic white pigment with the chemical formula of TiO2. Titanium dioxide is preferred among other white pigments because of its high resistance to corrosion and photo-corrosion and superior scattering properties.
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Properties of TiO2 Pigment
Pigment grades: Grades are created to fulfill specific performance standards that are typically associated with particular industries. Grades are different in durability, pigment concentration, undertone, and amount of moisture (dry powder or aqueous slurry). TiO2 pigments may contain inorganic oxides, organic additives, dispersants, and conditioners.
Crystal structure: Titanium dioxide has three important crystalline phases: anatase, rutile, and brookite. The anatase and the rutile phases generally serve as pigments. Rutile pigments are known to scatter light more effectively than anatase and are also less prone to chalk. Due to this advantage, rutile has replaced anatase in almost all coatings and plastic applications. Additionally, anatase absorbs less UV light than rutile and is more compatible with fluorescent brighteners. The stability of crystalline phases is as follows:
Rutile > Brookite > Anatase
Scattering power: Depending on the particle size, the scattering properties of titanium oxide pigments can vary. TiO2 pigments with larger particles have a yellow tone, while titanium oxide pigments with sizes of ≤ 0.2 µm have higher scattering power and scatter shorter wavelengths (white color).
Crystal Structures of Titanium Dioxide
General Properties of TiO2
- Nontoxic
- Biocompatible
- Inexpensive
- High dielectric constant
- Chemical stability
- High stability to corrosion
- Heat and weather resistance
- Ability to charge separation
- UV absorber
- Compatibility with skin and mucous membranes
- Good dispersibility
Application of Titanium Dioxide
- Paint and coatings
- Printing inks
- Plastics (antistatic plastics)
- Rubbers
- Fibers
- Paper industry (photosensitive papers)
- Food additive
- Solar energy transformation to electricity
- Hydrogen generation
- Electronic devices
- Energy devices
- Batteries
- Biomedical
- Photodynamic therapy
- Environmental Remediation
- Chemical synthesis
- Construction industry (white cement)
- Enamel and ceramic industries
- Cosmetic powders, creams, toothpaste, and soaps
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